Description

Human Interleukin-15 (IL-15) is a cytokine with a molecular weight of approximately 14 kDa, consisting of 114 amino acids arranged in a four-helix bundle structure. It is predominantly produced by monocytes and macrophages and plays a crucial role in the development, survival, and function of natural killer (NK) cells and memory CD8+ T cells. IL-15 is essential for maintaining the homeostasis and functionality of these key components of the immune system.

IL-15 binds to its specific receptor, IL-15Rα, and shares the common β and γ chains with IL-2, which are part of the IL-2 receptor complex. This interaction activates several intracellular signaling pathways, including JAK1/3-STAT5 and PI3K. These pathways are critical for promoting cell survival, proliferation, and immune responses.

Key Features

1. NK and T Cell Activation: IL-15 is vital for the development and maintenance of NK cells and CD8+ memory T cells. It supports their survival, proliferation, and cytotoxic function, thereby playing a key role in long-term immune defense and response to infections.
2. Research Applications: IL-15 is extensively studied in cancer immunotherapy and vaccine adjuvant development. Its ability to enhance the activity and persistence of NK and T cells makes it a valuable tool for improving therapeutic strategies and vaccine efficacy.
3. Anti-Tumor Immunity: IL-15 significantly boosts the anti-tumor activity of NK cells and CD8+ T cells, contributing to the development of novel cancer treatments. Its role in enhancing immune responses against tumors is a major focus of ongoing research and clinical trials.

Sequence

Theoretical pI/Mw

4.52 / 12773.50